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''Bonjour Biqui, Bonjour!'' is an 1893 song for voice and piano with words and music by Erik Satie. At a mere four bars - less than half a minute in performance, and that due to its slow tempo - it is the shortest of his complete compositions. Its significance lies in its rare, enigmatic glimpse into the composer's romance with the painter Suzanne Valadon, the only one he is known to have had. The song is dedicated to her. ==Description== Satie composed this musical curio on April 2, 1893, as part of an Easter Sunday gift for Valadon, whom he affectionately nicknamed "Biqui".〔Robert Orledge, "Understanding Satie's 'Vexations'", Archives de la Fondation Erik Satie, Paris, 2000. Also includes score and facsimile of original manuscript. Retrieved from Niclas Fogwall's defunct "Satie Homepage" (1996-2014) via Internet Archive Wayback Machine at https://web.archive.org/web/20041023204150/http://www.af.lu.se/~fogwall/articl11.html.〕 On a single sheet of music paper, and alternating the use of regular and watered-down ink, he concocted a rather jarring little ditty with just three chords and five notes in the vocal line.〔Robert Orledge, "Erik Satie's ballet ''uspud'': Prime Numbers and the Creation of a New Language with Only Half the Alphabet", ''The Musical Times'', Vol. 150, No. 1908 (Autumn, 2009), pp. 31-41. Available at http://www.soundkiosk.com/pdffiles/Erik%20Satie%20prime%20numbers%2013%20letters%20Robert%20Orledge%202008.pdf.〕 The song does not have an actual title. Its pride of place at the top of the score is instead taken by the playing direction ''très lent'' ("very slow"), and the greeting "Bonjour Biqui, Bonjour!" constitutes the entire "lyrics." It is accompanied by a drawing of an innocent-looking Valadon Satie subtitled an "Authentic Portrait of Biqui". One need only compare it to Valadon's self-portrait of the same year or her depiction in Toulouse-Lautrec's painting ''The Hangover'' (c. 1889) to appreciate the extent of Satie's idealization. The sketch and Satie's bold, angular signature beside it dominate the composition, in which the different elements (music, text, drawing) are carefully arranged on the page for visual effect.〔The complete texts, positioned at different parts of the page, read as follows: "Très lent - Bon---jour Bi-----qui, Bon---jour! - For Suzanne Valadon - Erik Satie - Authentic Portrait of Biqui - created in the great city of Paris on 2 April (Easter Day) of '93."〕 Robert Orledge found stylistic links between the song and the two Satie compositions which bookend it, placing all three in the context of the Satie-Valadon affair. ''Bonjour Biqui'' and the piano piece ''Vexations'' are constructed entirely from "ambiguous diminished chords" first found in the ''Danses gothiques'', which Satie completed on March 23, 1893 in an attempt to regain his composure in the midst of his stormy romance;〔Ornella Volta, "Satie Seen Through His Letters", Marion Boyars Publishers, New York, 1989, p. 48.〕 and the ''Vexations'' begins with the same chord with which ''Bonjour Biqui'' ends, almost as if one was meant to be an extension of the other. For Orledge these chords were undoubtedly associated with Valadon. "Thus, ''Bonjour Biqui, Bonjour!'' is far from being the home-made musical 'Happy Easter' card that it might seem at first glance, and it might well reveal the same anguish over unreciprocated affection that found a more extensive and private expression in ''Vexations''," he wrote.〔Orledge, "Understanding Satie's 'Vexations'".〕 These observations also provide a plausible time frame (April–June, 1893) for the undated ''Vexations''.〔Orledge, "Satie the Composer", p. 144.〕 The music for ''Bonjour Biqui'' does not invite romantic or sentimental comparisons,〔Nick Richardson, "Velvet Gentleman", ''London Review of Books'', Vol. 37, No. 11, 4 June 2015, pp. 26-28.〕 despite a recent Satie biographer's description of it as "cheerful".〔Mary E. Davis, "Erik Satie", Reaktion Books, 2007, p. 58.〕 It is fairly atonal and very characteristic of Satie's aloof, experimental "Rosicrucian" compositions of the period. Most remarkable is the plaintive prosody of the moniker "Biqui", stretched out over two languishing chords.〔http://imslp.eu/download.php?file=files/imglnks/euimg/8/8b/IMSLP135838-WIMA.b65b-satbon.pdf〕 There is no evidence Valadon was aware of Satie's intended gift. At that stage in their six-month relationship he was having trouble arranging dates with her, even though they lived in the same building.〔Volta, "Satie Seen Through His Letters", pp. 45-46.〕 She finally broke with him in June and the song remained in Satie's private possession until his death in 1925. When Pierre-Daniel Templier published the first Satie biography in 1932, Valadon was still living, and the author omitted any direct mention of her relationship with the composer. He simply noted, "Women did not play an important part in Satie's life. As a mature man, he was not known to have had any affairs."〔Pierre-Daniel Templier, "Erik Satie", MIT Press, 1969, p. 71. Translated from the original French edition published by Rieder, Paris, 1932.〕 However, Templier included a facsimile of the complete ''Bonjour Biqui, Bonjour!'' manuscript (its first appearance in print), which by its intimate nature served as a tacit acknowledgement of this youthful liaison.〔Templier, "Erik Satie", Plate 32. In the original French edition it was Plate XII.〕 The facsimile was republished in Rollo H. Myers' English-language biography (1948), but as Valadon had died in the interim Myers felt free to identify her as Satie's one "affaire du coeur".〔Rollo H. Myers, "Erik Satie", Dover Publications, Inc., NY, 1968, p. 126 and Plate facing p. 32. Originally published in 1948 by Denis Dobson Ltd., London.〕 The original manuscript is now held by the Archives de la Fondation Erik Satie in Paris. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bonjour Biqui, Bonjour!」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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